Hyderabad is a city and capital of Hyderabad Division in the Sindh province of Pakistan. It is the second-largest city in Sindh and 8th largest in Pakistan. Founded in 1768 by Mian Ghulam Shah Kalhoro of the Kalhora Dynasty, Hyderabad served as a provincial capital until the British transferred the capital to Bombay presidency in 1847. It is about 150 kilometres (93 mi) inland of Karachi, the largest city of Pakistan to which it is connected by a direct railway and motorway.
The City of Hyderabad served as the capital of Sindh province between 1947 and 1955. The Partition of British India resulted in the large-scale exodus of much of the city’s Hindu population, though like much of Sindh, Hyderabad did not experience the widespread rioting that occurred in Punjab and Bengal. In all, less than 500 Hindu were killed in Sindh between 1947-48 as Sindhi Muslims largely resisted calls to turn against their Hindu neighbors. Hindus did not flee Hyderabad en masse until riots erupted in Karachi on 6 January 1948, which sowed fear in Sindhi Hindus despite the fact that the riots were local and regarded Sikh refugees from Punjab seeking refuge in Karachi
